![]() ![]() Once people find the first thing they're looking for, "they often don't notice other things," Simons said. "The new experiment shows that even when people know that they are doing a task in which an unexpected thing might happen, that doesn't suddenly help them notice other unexpected things." "A lot of people seem to take the message of our original gorilla study to be that people don't pay enough attention to what is happening around them, and that by paying more attention and 'expecting the unexpected,' we will be able to notice anything important," he added. In both cases, the effect capitalizes on what people expect to see, and both demonstrate that we often miss what we don't expect to see." "A magician can lead the audience to think he's going to make the ball disappear with one method, and while people watch for that technique, he uses a different one. "This demonstration is much like a good magic trick in which a magician repeatedly makes a ball disappear," Simons said. ![]() In comparison, 29 percent of those who knew nothing of the old video spotted one of the other unexpected events in the new video. Only 17 percent of those who were familiar with the old video noticed one or both of the other unexpected events in the new video. However, knowing about the gorilla beforehand did not improve their chances of detecting other unexpected events. The 23 volunteers he tested who knew about the original gorilla video all spotted the fake ape in the new experiment. Of the 41 volunteers Simon tested who had never seen or heard about the old video, a little less than half missed the gorilla in the new video, much like what happened in the old experiments. You might look for other events because you know that the experimenter is up to something." Alternatively, "knowing about the gorilla might lead viewers to look for gorillas exclusively, and when they find one, they might fail to notice anything else out of the ordinary." "Knowing about the invisible gorilla might increase your chances of noticing other unexpected events because you know that the task tests whether people spot unexpected events. "You can make two competing predictions," Simons said. The idea with this new video was to see if those who knew about the invisible gorilla beforehand would be more or less likely to notice other unexpected events in the same video. (Stop now! Before reading further, try his test out here.) "I thought it would be fun to see if I could monkey with people's intuitions again using almost the same task," Simons said. ![]() In new research, Simons decided to use the infamy of the invisible gorilla to his advantage, creating a similar video that asked for the same results from the audience. The problem is that this video has become so famous that many people know to look for a gorilla when asked to count basketball passes. Of course, these results are utterly counterintuitive, with 90 percent of people now predicting that they would notice the gorilla in the video. "Although people do still try to rationalize why they missed the gorilla, it's hard to explain such a failure of awareness without confronting the possibility that we are aware of far less of our world than we think," Simons told LiveScience. When one develops "inattentional blindness," as this effect is called, it becomes easy to miss details when one is not looking out for them. ![]() These confounding findings from cognitive psychologists Daniel Simons and Christopher Chabris detailed in a 1999 study revealed how people can focus so hard on something that they become blind to the unexpected, even when staring right at it. ![]()
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